Costa Rica’s rain forests are among the greatest natural treasures on Earth. Though the country is small in size, it contains nearly 6% of the world’s biodiversity, much of it protected within rain forests, cloud forests, and national parks. From towering ancient trees to colorful birds and secretive wildlife, Costa Rica’s rain forests are living ecosystems that demand respect, curiosity, and care.
When you visit a Costa Rican rain forest, remember one essential truth:
you are a guest.
Hundreds—thousands—of creatures live here. This is their home.
Entering the Rainforest: A World Alive
As you walk into the rainforest, everything feels different. The air is thick with moisture, the earth smells rich and alive, and the sounds surround you—chirps, calls, rustles, and distant howls. This is not silence; it is a symphony of life.
Costa Rica’s rain forests are found in several regions, including:
- Osa Peninsula
- Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve
- Corcovado National Park
- Tortuguero Canals
- Rincón de la Vieja
- Suspended bridges above the rainforest canopy
- River corridors like the Blue River
Each offers a unique window into nature’s complexity.
Monkeys: Curious Guardians of the Canopy
Several species of monkeys inhabit Costa Rica’s rain forests, including white-faced capuchins and the iconic black howler monkeys.
You’ll often hear the howler monkeys before you see them—their deep, echoing calls can travel for miles. When you finally spot them, they are usually high in the treetops, peering down at you. They will stare for a long time.
You are a stranger to them.
Respect is essential:
- Do not feed monkeys
- Do not approach or touch them
- Observe quietly
Monkeys take all their nourishment from the rainforest. Feeding them disrupts their natural diet and behavior and can make them dependent on humans.
Snakes: Misunderstood Residents of the Rainforest
Many visitors panic at the sight of a snake, but remember: you are in their territory.
Costa Rica is home to both venomous and non-venomous snakes, but they are not aggressive by nature. If you encounter one:
- Stop
- Step back slowly
- Walk around it calmly
If you don’t bother them, they won’t bother you. Snakes play a vital role in maintaining ecological balance by controlling rodent and insect populations.
Spiders: Hidden and Fascinating
Spiders are harder to spot in the rainforest, which is why it’s best to take a trained naturalist guide. A good guide will see spiders long before you do and advise you how to avoid them.
Costa Rica has several species of spiders, including the famous tarantula. These large spiders live in burrows and are often the cause of great fear—but they are generally shy and non-aggressive.
Keep your eyes open, watch where you step, and trust your guide.
Ancient Giants: Primary Rainforest Trees
One of the most awe-inspiring features of Costa Rica’s rain forests is its ancient trees, some hundreds of years old. These trees belong to what is known as Primary Rainforest—forest that has never been cut or significantly altered.
Primary rainforest trees are:
- Gigantic
- Covered in mosses and epiphytes
- Supported by massive buttress roots
- So tall that sunlight rarely reaches the forest floor
These trees are nature’s treasures.
In contrast, Secondary Rainforest refers to areas where trees were cut at some point in history and later regrew. These forests are still beautiful and vital but consist of younger, smaller trees.
Birdlife: A Symphony of Color and Sound
Costa Rica is home to hundreds of bird species, many of them brilliantly colored. From scarlet macaws to toucans, parrots, hummingbirds, and trogons, birdwatching in the rainforest is unforgettable.
Birds are elusive, often blending perfectly into the canopy. For the best experience:
- Hire a trained bird guide
- Go early in the morning, right after sunrise
- Move slowly and quietly
The sounds of birds in the early morning create a magical natural orchestra.
Follow the Rhythm of Nature
In the rainforest, time moves differently.
“Rise with the sun and retire with the sun.”
Nature is most alive:
- Early in the morning
- Late in the afternoon as the sun sets
Mist rises, animals move, birds sing, and the forest glows with life.
Remember this guiding principle:
“Take from the natural earth only what is needed—and no more.”
Primary vs. Secondary Rainforest in Costa Rica
Primary Rainforest
Very old forests, often untouched by logging. Best examples include:
- Corcovado National Park
- Osa Peninsula
- Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve
- Parts of Rincón de la Vieja National Park
Secondary Rainforest
Regenerated forests that were once cut. Still lush and beautiful, found near:
- Towns
- Eco-lodges
- Protected reserves
Best Places to Visit Costa Rica’s Rainforests
Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve
Monteverde is world-famous for its cloud forest ecosystem. Hiking trails range from 2 to 4 hours, with well-maintained paths and many ups and downs.
What to expect:
- Cool temperatures
- Constant mist and occasional rain
- Massive buttressed trees
- Thick canopy blocking sunlight
Bring:
- Waterproof rain jacket
- Comfortable walking shoes
This is one of the best places to see old-growth rainforest diversity. Contact Nina to help find a quaint eco-lodge nearby.
Corcovado National Park – Osa Peninsula
Located in the southern Pacific region, Corcovado is often considered the crown jewel of Costa Rica’s national parks.
Highlights:
- Gigantic primary rainforest
- Incredible biodiversity
- Scarlet macaws, tapirs, monkeys, and more
Important notes:
- Requires a certified guide
- Remote and wild
- Access often via small commuter flight from San José
- Hot and humid climate
Eco-lodges range from rustic to luxurious. Contact Nina to help choose the right one.
Rincón de la Vieja National Park
This park offers a unique combination of primary rainforest and volcanic activity.
Features include:
- Old-growth trees
- Bubbling mud pots
- Small geysers releasing hot steam
- Pools of quicksand
An unforgettable and unusual rainforest experience.
Blue River Area
Home to spectacular old-growth rainforest and the stunning Blue River, this region offers crystal-clear water, dense jungle, and rich wildlife.
Tortuguero National Park
Located on the Caribbean coast, Tortuguero is famous for its canal system running parallel to the sea.
Highlights:
- Primary rainforest
- Boat access only
- Monkeys, toucans, tropical birds
- Sea turtle nesting (seasonal)
A magical blend of water and forest.
Suspended Bridges: Walking Above the Canopy
Suspended bridge tours allow visitors to walk above the rainforest canopy, offering a bird’s-eye view of treetops, birds, and epiphytes. These bridges are safe, educational, and breathtaking.
Final Thoughts: Protecting Nature’s Treasure
Costa Rica’s rain forests are not just destinations—they are living classrooms, sacred spaces, and global treasures. They teach us humility, patience, and respect for the interconnected web of life.
When you walk into the rainforest, remember:
- Move slowly
- Observe quietly
- Leave no trace
- Respect every living creature
By doing so, you help ensure that these extraordinary ecosystems remain intact for generations to come.